Quantum Computers x Disaster Countermeasures｜Examples of Applications and Their Role in Disasters

Quantum computers, which have different characteristics from conventional computers, can speed up various calculation processes, and are also tools that have been introduced in various areas.
　In particular, in recent years there has been an increase in the number of cases where they are utilized as a disaster countermeasure in the event of some sort of disaster.
　However, it is still not well known what kind of characteristics these computers have.

In this article, we will introduce what quantum computers are, examples of their use, and how they can be used in disaster situations.

What is a Quantum Computer?

A quantum computer is a computer designed based on the principles of quantum mechanics.
　Conventional computers use "bits" as their basic unit of information.

However, quantum computers use a new unit of information called a "quantum bit" (or "cubit").
　A classical bit takes on either a 0 or 1 state, but a cubit can have both a 0 and 1 superposition state at the same time, based on the principle of quantum superposition.
　This allows a quantum computer with the same number of cubits to process more information simultaneously than a conventional computer.

In addition, by utilizing a special quantum state called quantum entanglement, multiple cubits can be made interdependent on each other, thus creating new methods of computation.
　Applications of quantum computers include cryptanalysis, solving optimization problems, molecular simulations (especially for understanding complex chemical reactions and developing new drugs), and artificial intelligence.
　However, not all computations can necessarily be accelerated; computers using web browsing and editors are not expected to be deployed on quantum computers.

Applications of Quantum Computers

Do you know how quantum computers are utilized?
　Although they are gaining recognition as tools that improve the efficiency of various calculations, not many people are aware of the specific situations in which they are utilized.
　In this section, we will introduce two examples of typical applications.

Applications in call centers

The first application of quantum computers is in call centers.
　Quantum computers are being used at a site to optimize the shift creation process at the call center.
　Until now, the employee who manages the operators has created shift rotas by confirming with each operator his or her preferred working day and time. However, the number of incoming calls varies depending on the time of year, and it has been difficult to create shift rotas that take into account the skills of each operator, so the shift requests were prioritized.
　However, when a quantum computer was introduced to adjust the conditions for shift rota creation, the under- and over-staffing situation was greatly improved, and now 100% of the operators' preferred work days and times are reflected in their shift rotas.
　The system also reduced the amount of time spent by operator managers on shift rota creation, thereby resolving both the workload and staffing issues on the shop floor at the same time.

Factory utilization

Quantum computers are also used in factories.
　Quantum computers can be used to adjust the route and speed of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) traveling within a factory.
　Until now, there have been issues to resolve, such as the fact that AGVs often get stuck in traffic jams at the site.
　Based on the results of the quantum computer calculations, the speed and route of the AGVs have been continuously optimized, thereby reducing traffic congestion and improving the utilization rate of the AGVs.

Application of Quantum Computers for Disaster Countermeasures

Quantum computers can be used not only in business situations, but also as a disaster countermeasure.
　In the event of a disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami, it is imperative to evacuate to a safe place as soon as possible.
　However, there has been a concern that certain areas may become crowded with evacuees, creating a dangerous situation.
　The incorporation of quantum computers is expected to establish optimal evacuation routes for residents, and a dedicated application is already under development.
　This is attracting attention as a means of reducing the risk of being caught in a disaster due to accidents caused by overcrowding or delays in evacuation.

NTT's Disaster Prevention Efforts

Toward Realization of System Architecture for Quantum Computers
https://www.rd.ntt/e/research/JN202309_23082.html

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