IOWN All-Photonics Network with Optical Fiber Sensing Functions Achieves Wide-Area Traffic Flow Monitoring
Enabling flexible urban monitoring for APN dissemination

News Highlights:

1. Background

Optical fiber sensing, which enables the use of optical fiber for communication as a sensor, is expected to create new social value as demonstration tests and introduction of technologies for detecting construction vibration [1], supporting road snow removal decisions [2], and improving the efficiency of communication facility maintenance and operation progress [3]. The combination of IOWN and optical fiber sensing enables advanced data analysis by taking advantage of the high-speed transfer of large amounts of data by APN, and is thought to promote the use of sensing data. Furthermore, by using the optical path selection function of the APN-Gateway (APN-G)², which composes APN, a single optical fiber sensing device can measure multiple existing communication optical fibers connected to APN-G. Thus, optical fiber sensing in conjunction with the IOWN APN has the potential to realize low-cost, prompt and flexible urban monitoring across a wide plane (Figure 1), and these advantages are described in the IOWN Global Forum publication [4].
　With the aim of social implementation of optical fiber sensing using IOWNs, the four companies constructed a connection configuration that enables optical fiber sensing via APN-G, and conducted wide-area traffic flow monitoring on open roads. Several examples of traffic flow monitoring using optical fiber sensing have been reported [5], but this is the first case of wide area monitoring along multiple open roads.

Figure 1 Wide-Area Optical Fiber Sensing Using IOWN

2. Point of the technology

Figure 2 Connection Configuration for Implementing Optical Fiber Sensing via IOWN APN

3. Results of the joint experiment

Five vibration sensing devices were connected to the APN-G to simultaneously measure surface vibration on five routes (Wiring totaling 37 km, covering 8 km in four directions) of existing optical fiber communication cables (laid underground on roads in Osaka City). By analyzing this traffic vibration with a vehicle speed analysis algorithm, we were able to visualize in real time the average vehicle speed of vehicles on open roads, the amount of traffic on the road and its changes over time in a 200 m mesh granularity (Figure 3). In addition, it was confirmed that the results of the analysis of vehicle speed and number of vehicles tended to agree with the correct data measured at five sites. (Demonstration period: December 2023 to January 2024: Data measurement; February to July 2024: Analysis and verification of usefulness).

Figure 3 Wide-Area Monitoring Results of Traffic Flow

Traffic flow meters on ordinary roads are installed at intervals of several kilometers only on major lines, requiring the permanent installation and operation of a huge number of sensors. However, optical fiber sensing linked to APN-G can flexibly monitor arbitrary points on optical fiber routes that extend to every corner of a city. It is expected to be used as a new social infrastructure, such as traffic congestion detection and prediction using traffic information collected from a wide area and application to urban traffic planning.
　The connection configuration of the optical fiber sensing device to the APN-G used in this study was adopted in the IOWN Global Forum publication [6].

4. Role of each company

NTT: Devising and constructing a connection configuration to provide sensing functions to IOWN APNs

NTT EAST: Calibration of vehicle speed and vehicle count position

NTT WEST: Selection of traffic vibration monitoring sites and selection and provision of facilities for demonstration tests

NEC: Provision of APN-G and implementation of optical fiber vibration measurement and vehicle speed analysis

5. Outlook

Based on these achievements, we will continue developing the optical fiber sensing market using APNs collaborating with other companies, including discussions at the IOWN Global Forum. In addition, along with the nationwide expansion of APN, we aim to realize low-cost, wide-area urban monitoring that enables flexible sensing at arbitrary locations as long as it is connected with optical fiber, and does not require the installation and construction of permanent outdoor devices. In the future, we will promote R&D and co-creation activities aiming to solve social and regional issues through the social implementation of optical fiber sensing, with a perspective of various applications through urban monitoring, such as infrastructure monitoring, disaster prevention, and the realization of infrastructure design incorporating nature in urban planning.

[Glossary]

¹IOWN APN (All-Photonics Network)
IOWN consists of three components: the All-Photonics Network (APN),which introduces photonics (optics) based technology to every aspect from the network to terminals; Digital Twin Computing, which enables advanced real-time interaction between objects and people in cyberspace; and the Cognitive Foundation, which efficiently deploys various ICT resources including these.
By introducing new optical technologies into the network, terminals, and chips, APN achieves ultra-low power consumption and ultra-high speed processing, which were previously difficult to achieve. By allocating wavelengths for each function on a single optical fiber, it is possible to provide multiple functions that support social infrastructure, such as information communication functions such as the Internet and sensing functions, without interfering with each other.
https://www.rd.ntt/e/iown/

²APN-G (APN-Gateway)
APN-G is one of the devices that make up APN and has functions such as wavelength assignment control, line concentration, and optical path selection.

[Reference]

^{1}NTT EAST News Release, "NEC, Kashima, and NTT EAST succeeded in detecting construction vibration using the world's first optical fiber for communication," August 2023
https://www.ntt-east.co.jp/release/detail/20230824_01.html

^{2}NTT News Release, "World's first vibration sensing technology using telecommunication optical networks for making road snow removal decisions in heavy snowfall areas," November 2023
https://group.ntt/en/newsrelease/2023/11/09/pdf/231109aa.pdf

^{3}NTT EAST News Release, "Start of the operation of communication facility maintenance using optical sensing technology toward the IOWN era," May 2022
https://www.ntt-east.co.jp/release/detail/20220516_01.html

^{4}IOWN Global Forum Functional Architectures "Fiber Sensing for Open APN 1.0"
https://iowngf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/IOWN-GF-RD-FS_for_Open_APN-1.0.pdf

^{5}NEC News Release, "NEC provides AI-based traffic monitoring system with fiber-optic sensing technology for NEXCO CENTRAL," May 2022
https://www.nec.com/en/press/202205/global_20220524_01.html

^{6}IOWN Global Forum Functional Architectures "Fiber Sensing for Open APN 2.0"
https://iowngf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/IOWN-GF-RD-Fiber_Sensing_for_Open_APN-2.0.pdf

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